An electronic cigarette, or e-cigarette, is an electrical device that attempts to simulate the act of tobacco smoking by producing an inhaled mist bearing the physical sensation, appearance, and often the flavor and nicotine content of inhaled tobacco smoke. The device uses heat, or in some cases ultrasonic, to vaporize a propylene glycol- or glycerin-based liquid solution into an aerosol mist, similar to the way a nebulizer or humidifier vaporizes solutions for inhalation.
Electronic cigarettes generally consist of three primary components: a cartridge, an atomizer, and a battery unit. Some designs implement a disposable integrated cartridge/atomizer component known as a cartomizer.
Most reusable electronic cigarette models are manufactured according to some standard for their connections, making their components interchangeable. The current (June 2011) dominating attachment standards are the 510 and 808D; most components available are made to fit one of these models.
Liquids used to produce vapor in electronic cigarettes are widely sold separately for use in refillable cartridges. Liquid is commonly known as "nicotine solution" when it contains the actual nicotine component. Liquids are also sometimes referred to as "e-liquid", "e-juice", etc. in keeping with the "e-" nomenclature. Liquids commonly contain some amount of flavoring, with hundreds of different flavors available. Some flavor varieties attempt to resemble traditional cigarette types, such as regular tobacco and menthol, and some even attempt to mimic specific cigarette brands, such as Marlboro or Camel. Fruit and other flavors, such as chocolate, vanilla, caramel, coffee, and cola, are also available.
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